Community education in context in Ireland Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Community education in context in Ireland - Essay Example In Ireland, community education need not be confused with adult education. A community school in Ireland is subsidized entirely and directly by the government. In community schools, both academic and vocational programs are available, but at the same time, the facilities are also used by adult education and community education. On the other hand, adult education denotes many things. It is virtually worldwide and the fastest-growing facet of education. In third world countries, adult education is utilized to enhance literacy among the adult populace and at the same time, acquainting them with jobs and with knowledge on how to uphold community development. Most frequently, adult education is rampant among depressed or impoverished areas where higher education is not in proximity or cannot be afforded. They offer an alternative yet efficient education to bring a halt to illiteracy, unemployment and underemployment. And although governments of countries play a significant role in the promotion of adult education and community education, the United Nations' UNESCO and the International Bureau of Education play the worldwide regulator and promoter of it. According to the Anne Ryan of the Department of Adult and Community Education of the National University of Ire

Platos Theory of Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Platos Theory of Knowledge - Essay Example The theory rests in the myth that describes people chained within a cave. The only images they see are the shadows of objects and animals held in front of a fire that is behind them that reflects on the cave walls in front of them. That is all they had ever seen so that is what they believe to be real. One day a man escaped the cave and went outside. With the sun he saw what was real in the world and realized all he ever saw were just shadows. He went back to the men in the cave and told them all this. He told them that they too could see the outside if they broke free of their chains but they didn't believe him. The environment of the cave to Plato symbolizes the physical world of appearances. Escaping into the sun-filled world means the transition into the real world that is full and perfect. A world where things are not viewed only in a material sense. It is here that the whole of Plato's philosophy is summed up. Plato's theory of knowledge is devoted to definitions of science and knowledge. Developing the argument from the lower consciousness to the higher consciousness, in which perception, opinion, reasoning are closely examined. Cornford F.M in his interpretations "Plato's Theory of Knowledge", the phrase "degrees of reality" is found in many commentaries to describe the aforementioned hierarchy. Vlastos' "A Metaphysical Paradox" and "Degrees of Reality in Plato." Cornford describes this as "a distinct order of realities." Plato's ethical theory rests on the assumption that virtue is knowledge and can be taught, which has to be understood in terms of his theory of Forms. One of his famous arguments is that to "know the good is to do the good". Being the world of forms, which is the proper object of knowledge. Of interest to our discussion is his later work that features Socrates and his pupil theaetetus in a dialogue named after the latter. Theaetetus is introduced to us as a valiant and a hero of the battle of Corinth and of the dialogue. He is a disciple of Theodorus, a reputed geometrician, whose specialization is thus indicated to be the propaedeutic to philosophy. Theaetetus is introduced as wounded and also as having several similarities with Socrates, same contrast sharp mind and the unattractive features. Theodorus presents the younger man as courageous, intelligent and selfless. These qualities are seen as dialogue heats up.. Socrates is impressed by these credentials and invites theaetetus in a witty discussion on different issues. After overcoming the initial sense of wonder, he rises to the occasion, and begins to follow the flow of the discussion eventually he's able to comprehend the consequences of his own answers. The question about the "nature of knowledge" opens his mind and encourages him to think not only in a mathematical sense which he is used to but also in metaphysical sense. Eventually it dawns on him that "there are universal conceptions of being, likeness, sameness, number, which the mind contemplates in her." In the dialogues Plato devotes himself to coining definitions of knowledge, conception, science and the like but at the same time tearing down the same definitions in an attempt to invoke in the mind of the student a desperation that will cause critical thinking. In the first part when asked his opinion

The early 20th century USA, Latin America, and Africa Essay - 1

The early 20th century USA, Latin America, and Africa - Essay Example le, there three distinctive trends that they had; there was a tendency to be less and less accessible to the average person, a tendency to glorify art itself as well as to undercut traditional standards and values. A period before the 20th century, music was pretty easy for the average person to understand because they followed common harmonic patters that one could find to frequently popular tunes. (Hoffer, Charles pg. 67) However in the 20th century, composers began to move away from these patters toward what is called atonal music, that which has a pattern not easy to recognize. The century brought with it new freedom and wide experimentation with new musical styles and forms that challenged the accepted rules of early periods. Industrialization led to the inventions of electronic instruments and synthesizer that revolutionized popular music and speeded up the development of new form of music. A good case study is a Latin American music, which has a variety of styles that arrived in America and eventually become influential from the early Spanish and European Baroque to the different beats of the African rhythms.( Gopal, Sarvepalli pg. 102) On the other hand, in visual arts too, the three tendencies could be seen; artists could combine a multiple of perspectives, looking at an object from different points of view and sometimes at different times. It was not easy for an average person to interpret a simple piece of art rather than simply appreciating the art’s use of color, line, composition, as well as the artist’s feelings. They were also influenced by the various movements that fought for the people’s rights and freedom. Africans used various songs to mobilize their members against imperialisms; they also drew diagrams that could only be interpreted by them. But in the 20th century pieces of art have been used to give us, not unfamiliar images, but images that are as familiar as they can possibly be. People have been able to express their feelings in

Platos Theory of Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Platos Theory of Knowledge - Essay Example The theory rests in the myth that describes people chained within a cave. The only images they see are the shadows of objects and animals held in front of a fire that is behind them that reflects on the cave walls in front of them. That is all they had ever seen so that is what they believe to be real. One day a man escaped the cave and went outside. With the sun he saw what was real in the world and realized all he ever saw were just shadows. He went back to the men in the cave and told them all this. He told them that they too could see the outside if they broke free of their chains but they didn't believe him. The environment of the cave to Plato symbolizes the physical world of appearances. Escaping into the sun-filled world means the transition into the real world that is full and perfect. A world where things are not viewed only in a material sense. It is here that the whole of Plato's philosophy is summed up. Plato's theory of knowledge is devoted to definitions of science and knowledge. Developing the argument from the lower consciousness to the higher consciousness, in which perception, opinion, reasoning are closely examined. Cornford F.M in his interpretations "Plato's Theory of Knowledge", the phrase "degrees of reality" is found in many commentaries to describe the aforementioned hierarchy. Vlastos' "A Metaphysical Paradox" and "Degrees of Reality in Plato." Cornford describes this as "a distinct order of realities." Plato's ethical theory rests on the assumption that virtue is knowledge and can be taught, which has to be understood in terms of his theory of Forms. One of his famous arguments is that to "know the good is to do the good". Being the world of forms, which is the proper object of knowledge. Of interest to our discussion is his later work that features Socrates and his pupil theaetetus in a dialogue named after the latter. Theaetetus is introduced to us as a valiant and a hero of the battle of Corinth and of the dialogue. He is a disciple of Theodorus, a reputed geometrician, whose specialization is thus indicated to be the propaedeutic to philosophy. Theaetetus is introduced as wounded and also as having several similarities with Socrates, same contrast sharp mind and the unattractive features. Theodorus presents the younger man as courageous, intelligent and selfless. These qualities are seen as dialogue heats up.. Socrates is impressed by these credentials and invites theaetetus in a witty discussion on different issues. After overcoming the initial sense of wonder, he rises to the occasion, and begins to follow the flow of the discussion eventually he's able to comprehend the consequences of his own answers. The question about the "nature of knowledge" opens his mind and encourages him to think not only in a mathematical sense which he is used to but also in metaphysical sense. Eventually it dawns on him that "there are universal conceptions of being, likeness, sameness, number, which the mind contemplates in her." In the dialogues Plato devotes himself to coining definitions of knowledge, conception, science and the like but at the same time tearing down the same definitions in an attempt to invoke in the mind of the student a desperation that will cause critical thinking. In the first part when asked his opinion

Compare between two institutions policies Essay

Compare between two institutions policies - Essay Example The recruitment procedure provides an open door opportunity for a large pool of candidates to apply for the diversified posts. Furthermore, recruitment procedure assists the organisation in attracting qualified candidates. Recruitment facilitates to devise a strategic mode of selection procedure which is aligned with the organisational goals and objectives along with the specific human resources requirements (Robert 3-26). Thesis Statement. With these considerations, the report intends to discuss the recruitment processes being followed by Qatar Petroleum and Google Inc. The report primarily desires to compare and contrast the recruitment process of the two institutions. LITERATURE REVIEW OF RECRUITMENT AS AN IMPORTANT FUNCTION OF HRM According to the view of Schuler and Jackson, recruitment is a process in which an organisation can rely upon the internal or the external labour market for absorption of the resourceful candidates. It has been further noted that although at the entranc e level the recruitment process is not that important but it frames a vital part for other jobs of higher level. It is always considered as a vital process as it enables to draw in an extensive amount of resources. In keeping with the importance of recruitment, it can be well articulated that internal recruiting process mainly relates with the promotion criteria (211-219). According to French and Rumbles, †If the HRM function is to remain effective, there must be consistently good levels of teamwork, plus on-going co-operation and consultation between line managers and the HR manager† (170). In the recent scenario, there have been a number of organisations that are facing problems regarding the accumulation of a pool of quality candidates. The jobs and the vacancies that pertain the requirement of specialised skills and knowledge absorb a longer phase of time (Brown 50-108). COMPARISON AND CONTRAST OF DECISION MAKING PROCESS WITH RESPECT TO RECRUITMENT OF QATAR PETROLEUM AND GOOGLE INCORPORATION Recruitment Process of Qatar Petroleum. In keeping with the recruitment procedure being followed in Qatar Petroleum, it entails basically four steps. The HR recruitment section of the company effectively manages the entire process that starts with the need identification to the job specification. This entire process is executed by the selection and the interview procedures of the resources. On part of the recruitment process of the company, it has been further ascertained that the department managers gain the full support of the HR personnel. Each of the candidates being selected is based upon merit. Furthermore, the selection of the candidates greatly depends upon their basic skills and competencies (Qatar Petroleum, â€Å"

Great Expectations Essay Example for Free

Great Expectations Essay The audience have witnessed the pursuit, and had a brief glance at the face of the convict they have seen the airborne geese above the marshes, and they want to know what will happen When examining the film, one has to regard the social context in which the film was made. Leans version was created the year after the Second World War. People would probably need their morale boosted after the six years of conflict, and the film was probably intended to make people feel happier. In the closing stages of the Lean film, Pip meets Estella in Miss Havershams house. He pulls down the curtain, lighting the room, and shouts at Estella look around you death and decay you do not belong here you must get away from this place come with me into the sunlight. I believe that this is a metaphor; death and decay is the war and Estella represents the people of Britain. They can come out into the sunlight, and leave the war behind them. Lean is reminding the audience that they can forget the war, and go on to lead new lives. Lean also attempts to put across a moral message. When Pip is a child his conscience speaks to him and the audience. As he makes his way downstairs to steal the food there is a voice whispering, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe, wake up Mrs. Joe. This effect does appear in the original text, every crack in every board calling after me stop thief! and Get up Mrs Joe. A similar device is that of the talking cows. Lean uses this, but again, Marchant decides not to, preferring a more realistic approach. The cows provide an element of humour in the film, but I feel that in the book they were included mainly to give the audience a glimpse of Pips conscience and not to provide comedy. This also gives the film a touch of originality. Before the 1940s a large amount of film sound was simple and ill-conceived the audience saw a car, therefore the audience should hear a car. Consequently, when the audience saw a cow, they were probably expecting to hear cow, not a human voice. Now, however, in an age when talking animals appear in most childrens television programs, the modern audiences are not likely to be surprised by the effect. Another aspect to take in consideration is the media for which the productions were originally created. The BBC version was written for the television, bringing the characters into the home. I assume that Leans film was originally created for the cinema. Lean shows this in many ways. The modern audience can recognize that aspects such as the silhouetted gibbets would have a greater impact when shown on the large screen. Both films are set many decades before the dates they were made, and neither audience had experiences of the period in which the story was set. Marchants version is an attempt at an accurate historical representation of the Victorian age. I feel that Lean decided to concentrate more on storyline, and the following of Dickens text rather than being fixated in creating an accurate historical representation of Victorian Britain. Dickens had written from his own first hand experience of the era, so he knew what had happened. The descriptions of the characters in the text are very precise, and Lean has concentrated on creating the individuals that Dickens described. This is probably what the audience would expect. The post-war audience would want to look back on the age of empire in the way that Dickens did, but in the 1990s, a new approach is expected by the increasingly changing audience. Dickens is generally considered as boring and tedious, and the Marchant film attempts to give a fresh, 20th century makeover to one of Britains most celebrated authors. To conclude, I feel that, considering the circumstances in which it was made, Leans film was the more successful of the two. In post war Britain there was not a huge amount of money for making films, and there was limited technology available for the production. Materials were expensive and scarce, and could not be easily obtained. The film manages to make the opening sequence terrifying, exciting and tense, without using excessive violence or disturbing images. It manages to portray the novel in a realistic way, and his storyline is truer to the original than the BBC version. Sonya Shah Page 1 of 4 Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Great Expectations section.

Evaluating a Hotels Strengths and Weaknesses

Evaluating a Hotels Strengths and Weaknesses The hotels are constructed to provide visitors meals provisions, asylum but beside this some big hotels do provide bar, entertainment , casino, tour and travels, swimming pool facilities etc. hotels do provide all the customized furnished household that make relax travellers or visitors. Historically hotels are used for many functions, serving for business purposes, for social activities, for public assembly, for political purposes, for vacations, and for permanent residences. In short hotels are a vast industry. Hotels can be categorised into two kinds:- Chained hotel: when there are a numbers of hotel with the same brand name around the globe and all hotel possess same name and identical features. Its brand name is shared by many proprietors in return of fixed payment. (According to the tri hospitality consulting) The UK Chain Hotels sample is composed of 489 hotels with an average hotel size of 185 bedrooms. For example -Hilton hotels in UK. Independent hotel: Hotel that are run and managed by itself. It may have many other hotels by the same name at the different location but it does not allow other proprietor to use its brand name, For example -Burj al Arab(Dubai),white swan inn inyorkshire,42 the calls in Yorkshire etc. ABSTRACT Results of which kind of hotel industry is best suited to survive in a slowing economy is depends on market factors whereas other factors have less influence as cost drivers are restricted by the slower economy .chained hotel industries is very like the globalisation whereas independent hotel industries are very like to small business entrepreneur. Customers always expect responsive policies in terms of the facilities and services given to them. As a result the integration, strategy, proper planning for the expansion and analysis based on the information system always allows the proper coordination and proper measurement of the all factors which may act as constraint in the growth in the slower economy. SECTION 1- Any hotel, retail store and relevant business can be opened in two ways: Set its own name and create its own brand name. This way independent market strategy can be set up its own term and condition for all the policy. A hotel set in this way is termed as the chained hotel or a part of the independent hotels. Whereas another way is to buy a franchise and act according to the parameter set by the brand name owner. In the way, branding cost and advertisement cost get reduce down and cover the maximum number of the geographical area. A hotel set according in this way is termed as chain hotels. Example of the chained industries -MacDonalds, Intercontinental, Whitebread, permira , Here Macdonalds is presented in all areas across the UK and any proprietor can buy a franchise of the MacDonalds in return of the fixed payment. Hotel industry is getting shirked because of the depression in the spending power of the consumers and decrease in the room occupancy in the all hotel. Various company also decreasing the number of business trip by its executive in order to cost cutting so that respective company can survive in the recession. Bob Bailey, partner, Baker Tilly said: It is predicted by forty percent of European hotel executives that more than five hotel chains will go into insolvency in the coming year Following are the way to fight with the slowing in the economy:- The best way to fight with the recession is to increase share of the hotel in the market. Create packages for the premier tourist company or power company By creating loyalty to a particular group of the company so that these company will be the first to see the offers and add on provided by the hotel group. Hotel should talk to the supplier in order to get sum up marketing and advertisement. Hire entrepreneur who invent new idea as live in accommodation for the general staff in order to increase efficiency. COMPETITIVE THEORY MODELS: According to the porter, following five points are key point of the analysis of the complete market for planning, business development, making business development, analyse the competitors. Porters Five Forces of Competitive Position:- Existing competitive rivalry between suppliers Threat of new market entrants Bargaining power of buyers Power of suppliers Threat of substitute products (including technology change) Factor which do affect the competitive approach of any hotel:- Analysis of the competitor hotel: Analysis of the competitor shows the growth of the competitor hotels and their approaches, strategy, available hotels and their specific services in the particular ares, breakup of the fixed cost, and trends of the competitor hotels. New players in the hotel industry: Positive and negative point of the entering into the hotel industry at the particular time, Where is the geographical structure of the area, population breakup of the area, Resistance while entering into the competition for example -a hotel is going to open in the oxford city and the normal rent for 24 hours in that area is 50 pounds, so till the point that hotel is not going to enhance the services provided or lower the rents, the success of hotel is not guaranteed. Power of the Enterprises/hotel: This Factor including the reputation of the brand incurred in the market in that geographical area, type of the hotel i.e. is it a small-medium or a chain hotel? Geographical coverage of the hotel in the area, quality of the rooms and services. Customers buying power: Buyers choice, buyers number in that area i.e. ratio of the hotel to the customer, importance of the services i.e. some particular service (luxurious service) is required or not. Threat of the substitute: Legislatives change and implementation in the particular area change in the fashion with the change in time. One more factor involve in this very much as change in the market distribution. One more method SWOT (Strength, Weakness, opportunity, threat) analysis is an important part of the strategic planning model. The throughout environmental scan is divided into two parts:- INTERNAL ANALYSIS: STRENTHS or positive parts of the hotel/entrepreneurship are listed down. For example Cost advantages in the fixed cost, strong brand name, good reputation among power customer. WEAKNESS or negative parts of the hotel/entrepreneurship are listed down. For example-Bad location of the hotel, high cost structure, poor reputation etc. EXTERNAL ANALYSIS: -OPPORTUNITY may reveal the certain new opportunity for the great increase in the profit percentage of the hotel. A sense of increase in the luxury, Implementation of the latest technology for the measurement or human convinces. Osbourne (1995) argued that the entrepreneur must first identify an opportunity and then create a marketing and financial plan to  capitalise on the idea. THREATS: -changes in the external factor which causes the harm to the firm or hotel is known as threats. For example A change in the regulation of the hotel or firm. CHAINED HOTEL INDUSTRIES: According to the DELLOITE TOUCHE (UK budget hotel survey) 35% are leisure tourist, 57% are business transaction and almost all these transaction occurs in the chained hotels. Following is the chain penetration of the UK hotel industry: Whitebread( hotels-361,rooms-27555), Intercontinental ( hotels-188,rooms-25000), Hilton group (( hotels-75,rooms-14,794), Permira( hotels-231,rooms-12596),BIL( hotels-56,rooms-10761), Accor( hotels-79,rooms-10003), Premier lodge( hotels-131,rooms-8130), macdonalds, CHE and Jarvis hotels. In short, total these hotels contains 1,30K number of rooms.(source: Mintel company data) To some extent, the evidence-represented by the growth of multiples, especially in the fast-food and accommodation sectors over recent decades is incontrovertible. However, the extent to which multiples have taken market share and will continue to grow at the expense of smaller operators is more questionable. As several commentators have pointed out (for example Morrison, 1998)(reference-Alison Morrison and Rhodri Thomas) INDEPENDENT HOTELS STRETAGY: Peacock (1993) provides an alternative outlook in terms of the dynamics of the small business sector. He argues that standardisation inherent in chain operations -stifles  innovation. As a consequence, dynamic small firms might continue to thrive, even in prime  locations. Given the low barriers to entry, and the highly segmented nature of demand (reference-Alison Morrison and Rhodri Thomas) It is critical to recognise that a different and significant range of the management concern in the small hotel industries. Specially , the role played of the marketing ;quality section of the management ;importance and implementation of the information technology; the relationship between the business strategy and small independent hotel; business planning and growth ; and entrepreneurship. Webster (1998) states that strategic management plays the most important role in the growth of the independent hotel industries. A independent hotel seems to grow when feature of the firm and strategic decision taken by the firm overlaps. Although strategic decisions are important but if the other critical factors are absent:- Small hotels marketing is more distinctive than acknowledged Incorporation of the quality management with the operation and financial identity of the independent hotels When the bond between proper implementation of the strategy and implementation lacks. According to the strategy maps (book by HBS press) if an entrepreneur cannot measure the growth, you cannot hold it. In short, business growth occur only when for the independent hotel industries when there is proper synchronisation between ownership, firms characteristics , strategic decision made. STEP TO BE TAKEN BY INDEPENDENT HOTEL INDUSTRY IN THE ECONOMY SLOWDOWN TIME: In response to the slowed economy time, most independent hotelier lowered rates and slowed down the all kind of cost on the short term basis. It is not enough to compete with the chained hotel industries that have greater financial power to stay longer in the competition. Direct sale:- sale people always comes to meet their target as there is great demand for the respective hotel but if the demand is not appropriate in that case ROI falls for the sale representative . In that scenario, an independent hotel industry needs to fix a database for the potential businesses and contact them for the hotel usage. Example Case study(Hospitality e-business strategy) Key Customer Segments: Number of Searches on Major Search Engines in 07/08 The major hotel chains simply do not have the bandwidth to market to these locally based audiences. Itis up to the franchised hoteliers to identify and approach these local markets. As mentioned, the Internet is the preferred communication and marketing medium for all of these important customer  segments. If you do not speak to each of these audiences, you will lose most of them to your competition. Technology: For example free local phones and now a days a guest travel with the latest gadget so to survive and maintain the growth rate. Locally present:-chain based hotel industries main customer base is outside the community where the hotel is present. In order the positive points of the independent hotel is the cost factors. Independent hotel need to be a good active part of society as a result society will advertise that hotel in return. Internet:-Internet is the most cost effective and way to reach the potential users .here opportunity is equal for the chained hotel as well as independent hotel. The Positive side is this that -Independent hotel have less content, as a result they can keep updating their site as soon as possible than the chain hotels. Best services on the block:- Great services can overcome the price resistance and any loophole of the hotel. Hotel owner should maintain warm and service oriented people. Traditionally, it has been assumed that small businesses should use the same Management techniques as their larger counterparts (Welsh and White, 1981). However, research carried out on the relative effects of planning on the sales and profit performance of small businesses have shown both positive relationships between the planning function and sales/profits (Ackelsburg and Arlow, 1985; Bracker and Pearson, 1986; Jones, 1982; Schwenk and Shrader, 1993) and no relationship between the use of planning activities by small business owner/managers and performance (Gable and Topol, 1987; Robinson and Pearce, 1983; Robinson et al., 1986; Sexton and  van Auken, 1985). LIMITATION AND THE CHALLANGES OF THE HOTEL INDUSTRIES: The controls to monitor progress so that corrective actions can be implemented as and when A way of evaluating success and progress The controls process Set goals what do we want to achieve? Measure performance what is happening? Evaluate performance why is it happening? Take corrective action Fast changing world gives many challenges to the hotel industries. The success of the hotel industries depends upon the forces that will get changed by synchronisation with the world. To identify those driving force is the most compact and critical part for the surviving in the slow time of the industry. These driving forces may include the globalisation, knowledge based environment, employees, add on services, value addition to the customer who are repeating the experience. E-commerce is the main player of the hotel industry and hospitality industry. Hotels and tourism industry are interlinked so there is a need of well structured information system or intelligence system facilitate to access the hotel related to the tourism industries but many times information is highly fragmented and users are not able to extract the required information, In the hotel industries, usability and reusability is the measure of the consumers experience but research regarding users experience should properly analysed and implemented for further customers satisfaction. Globalisation is also the main challenge in these days as every company is expanding its consumers base as a result every domestic company is getting converted into multinational company. Tourism companies are making their base to the all countries as a result customer demands their known hotel to the other country as well. In that scenario, chain hotels industries do survive as there is no scope for the independent hotels. Renewal of services and those services get liked by the customer who are experiencing the same hotel second time as expectation keeps growing with the time. Employees and their stabilization with the same hotel: as employees increase their time with the same hotel, they expect increment in the salary but as salaries of the employees get high then cost also gets increase as a result profit decreased. Share-holders expectation is to rise in the rates of the return of the investment in the hotel industries by the financial institutions, For example-According to the International Union of Food, Agricultural, Hotel, Restaurant, Currently the ten largest international hotel chains average 12.3% returns to shareholders and are under pressure to match financial market leaders like Shangri-La and InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) which return 16% to shareholders every year. As a result more pressure on the hotel industries to cut cost and increase profit. Continuous restructuring and employment insecurity: -frequent and fast change in the ownership and management as a result of the private equity funds increase the insecurities among the employees.